There are basically exoprostheses (external) and endoprostheses (internal). Exoprostheses replace external body parts such as legs or arms, while endoprostheses can replace internal joints, bones or organs. The classic example of an endoprosthesis is the hip prosthesis. In external use, there is also a distinction between prostheses for the upper and lower extremities.

Depending on which part of the body a prosthesis is made for, it can function in different ways. There are purely mechanical prostheses and those that are equipped with fine electrical controls and are controlled by muscular impulses, weight shifting or programmed movement sequences. In addition, there are now modern bionic prostheses that are controlled by thoughts and can even depict complex movement sequences.

Prostheses are usually required to replace missing body parts or limbs and to give the wearer the best possible mobility and/or to restore the cosmetic aspects.

Prostheses are made for all possible parts of the body. For the lower extremities, toe prostheses, partial, front and rear foot prostheses, lower leg prostheses, knee EX prostheses, thigh prostheses and hip EX prostheses are used. There are also finger, partial hand, hand, forearm, upper arm and shoulder/shoulder girdle disarticulation prostheses for the upper extremities.

Depending on the area of ​​application, prostheses can be made of different materials, and different materials can also be used together in order to take advantage of the respective advantages of the individual materials. Carbon is mainly chosen for the sockets and silicone or polyurethane-based products for the connection between the residual limb and the socket. Wood, metal or leather can also be processed in prostheses.